E3d volcano print speed 6 0. 10 / ( . 60mm to 1. 3mm layer height and your max effective speed will drop to 42mm/s. Designed to print large layer heights at lightning fast speeds, you will experience a huge reduction in print times with the Volcano line. These nozzles are designed for high temputure 3D Printing and are not to be used on stock E3D V6 Heater blocks, they are strictly for the Volcano heater block. Jan 1, 2019 · @dc42 said in Underextruding After Travel - E3D Volcano Hotend:. Therefore Volcano is more than twice the speed of your j-head. 4mm nozzle sounds about right. Volcano nozzles have extra-long heated melt zones for ultimate filament melt speeds. 0mm Print Speed: 18. Titanium TC4 reduces heat upward conduction at the heating position, and copper for heat dissipation to accelerate heat conduction. 7/16. now that there's a 0. Mar 28, 2019 · On top of increased prints speeds, the SuperVolcano’s high flow rate gives you the ability to print wider and higher tracks. 7mm/sec, Z hop 0. I hit 80mm/s on my works printrbot simple metal 2014 with an E3D v6. some of the nozzles like the 1. 6mm brass nozzle printing PETG, so the larger nozzle and reduced back pressure improves throughput considerably. 2mm nozzle. – 1 x Volcano Heater Block – 1 x 0. If you want large parts, in less than half the time, with dramatically increased strength then Volcano is what you need. All of the above are with a 0. 0 1. In fact, this is usually the speed of a travel move rather than a print move. Using 0. ” An E3D V6 should be able to extrude at up to 15mm 3/s. Pressure advance deals with under extrusion at the start of a move and over extrusion at the end of a move. com: V6 Volcano Ceramic Heating Block: Compatible with E3D V6 Volcano/Voron 2. This limit is far from the advertised values of 600 mm/s. This 3d printed mount allows you to install the E3D Volcano hotend and the BondTech BMG on your Ender 3 / Ender 3 Pro / Ender 3 V2 and CR-10. With Dec 30, 2014 · E3D's Volcano printhead will increase your print speed by up to 250% Dec 30, 2014 | By Alec If time was truly money, everyone working with 3D printers would be bankrupt. PS - get the volcano. If you want to print quickly and accurately, look no further - the E3D Volcano block and nozzles are some of the fastest on the market. Thanks to its larger melt zone, the Volcano is capable of printing thicker and wider tracks, which results in significantly reduced print times. Compared to standard E3D V6 hotends, this new Dec 17, 2014 · Announcing E3D's super high flow nozzle upgrade. 1. 8 instead of a . However, that’s much faster than most users would be able to run it. Enter the SuperVolcano - a monstrous hotend with a gigantic melt zone allowing for nozzles up to 1. I opted for a volcano hotend from E3D and I'm getting major stringing now. As such to reduce nozzle changes you can just leave the 0. E3D volcano brass nozzle are super-fast printing nozzles for use with the Volcano block and packs to print large layer heights at extremely high flow rates. Trying to print at 75mm/s may be a bit too much. The E3D Volcano hotend solves this issue by utilizing an enlarged melt zone to give filament the proper amount of time to be heated before printing. I am going to use the changeatZ 5. 00mm, 1. com: Wangdd22 High Speed V6 Print Pack for RepRap 3D Printer 1. Here’s our round-up some of some top 3D printing tips. 8 , 1. In stock, ready to ship. I came very close to a perfect top layer with 0. 4 nozzle. Its larger melt zone allows for the extrusion of more filament at a faster rate, making it perfect for those looking to reduce print times on large, bulky prints. I'm running at the following settings on a CR-10S on a Volcano with a 1. 75mm prints faster than 3mm when it comes to Volcano, as confirmed by E3D. Make sure you select the most appropriate flair for your post. 2mm layer height. Feb 11, 2025 · An update in the company’s Volcano series, launched in 2014, the SuperVolcano is designed to address slow print times of large scale 3D printers. They will not properly fit the older screw-washed clamped thermistor-style heater block. 6 mm nozzle. Good machining quality, and overall a nice finish. 40mm, 0. Oct 3, 2015 · Super -fast printing nozzles for use with the Volcano block and packs ; Great to print large layer heights and at extremely high flow rates ; Selectable nozzle diameters: 0. Your rate for the E3D V6 with 0. SoliForum - 3D Printing Community → The Latest in 3D Printing → E3D's Volcano - High Speed Printing! Pages Previous 1 2 3 Next You must login or register to post a reply Move to a . Feb 12, 2024 · Therefore, the E3D Volcano hotend can facilitate a maximum print speed of 312 mm/s (12. To modify E3D-V6 to this hot end there is the extension Volcano or Super Volcano due to the larger melting zone the printing speed can be increased considerably Volcano Nozzles are designed for use with the E3D Volcano hot-end; this nozzle is engineered to enable high-speed printing without sacrificing quality. 4mm nozzle and print around 125-150mm/s, but I use a E3D Volcano, which supports a much higher nozzle flow rate. 6mm x 0. on my prusa i3v i have a e3d lite6 and was also running like 80mm/s no issues. 3mm with a 0. The nozzle with a Hardness Steel tube, this design helps to increase heat transfer which increases extrusion speed, giving faster printing results. Improved strength. The HF variants should be able to push upwards of 300mm/s on a 0. MatterHackers FREE, FAST Shipping on orders over $35 in the U. Building upon the success of the original Volcano nozzle, the Super Volcano nozzle takes performance to the next level with its significant The E3D SuperVolcano nozzles are proprietary 3D printing nozzles designed for use with the E3D SuperVolcano heater block. Nov 9, 2018 · I have a P3Steel with Bondtech BMG and standard E3Dv6 (0. 4mm, at 60mm/s equates to 14. Volcano is E3D’s answer to slow printing. 8mm prints at volcano speed or in my cas a 0. Generally speaking, the lower the viscosity of the material the higher the possible flow rate. . With the Volcano we solved the problem of printing big, strong, and fast, but how about printing really small and fine details? The 0. Do it all Remarkable speed. They are available in three varieties differing in terms of material, each of which features unique properties and therefore is suitable for certain cases described below. Made of aluminum alloy, this block ensures efficient heat distribution, supporting high-speed and precise 3D printing with Volcano Hotend setups. 4mm nozzles, could it be that? It seems like my main issue is under extrusion. This means as you increase one dimension, you may have to reduce others. 2mm diameters so you can choose the exact configuration to suit your needs. 4. seriously. This is pretty simple really. 6mm, a layer height of 0. These are two different items. On a related note, most materials used in FDM 3D printing become less viscous the higher the printing temperature you are using. 28 inches/s) for PLA. E3Dv6 caps out at around 8-10mm 3 /sec. 6mm nozzle and 0. 07 is probably the correct value instead of 0. Then I set half the printing speed (from 80 to 40mm/s) and 2mm retraction for my 1. Trying to exceed these speeds will likely begin to show as under extrusion. 2 )= 125mm/s, so you'd run into the v6 speed limit at around 125mm/sec, though you can briefly go above that for thermodynamic reasons. The volcano E3D HotEnd is E3D's answer to slow printing. This is a good general-purpose nozzle, which will give you a good compromise between resolution and print speed. 6mm, 0. Just for completeness: I am using a DaVinci 1. For larger layer heights print speed reduces accordingly (133mm/sec to 148mm/sec at 0. 2mm nozzle and insane speeds. E3D V6 Volcano Hotend Parts 3D Printer Accessories Large Diameter Nozzle 1. Any help appreciated! Current Settings: Layer height: . Ideal for both hobbyists and professionals. * Customer Service +1 (800) 613-4290 Dec 27, 2014 · The Volcano kit will allow anyone with an E3D-v6, Chimera, Kraken, or v5/4 extruder to modify it with the Volcano, turning their printer into a high-speed 3D printing beast. 25 mm) and Volcano with 0. jhead = 100mm/sec * . 6mm nozzle to 0. Provides good performance for V5 V6 hound volcano printers. 4mm layer heights. For larger nozzles supports become nearly impossible to remove, and for greater layer heig May 28, 2019 · The MK3/MK3S extruder is quite capable of printing at 0. 24mm Layer width . Nozzle sizes range from 0. 75/3mm Filament Metal Hotend Volcano Extra Nozzles + Heater Block+NTC 3950 Thermistor : Industrial & Scientific We are Australian Distributors of the infamous E3D-Online high performance full metal Hot Ends. 4mm nozzle. 8mm nozzles or bigger nozzles, just slow it down, there is a lot more filiment going through the nozzle compared to a 0. Really no difference between a 0. 20mm Volcano Nozzles are designed for use with the E3D Volcano hot-end; this nozzle is engineered to enable high-speed printing without sacrificing quality. 【Craftsmanship Materials】Made of high quality hardened steel material with excellent wear, heat and corrosion resistance, the robust construction makes it Nov 7, 2016 · Here at E3D we're continuously trying to develop new and better technology for 3D printers. Aside from the SuperVolcano’s speed capabilities, it also brings in an impressive flow rate, thicker lines and increased interlayer bonding. Read more about just how quick it can print on our blog post. 48 height, 0. i havent tried faster than that because in general print quality went down with ripples and other artifacts with the ubis when i did 100mm/s. Mar 2, 2015 · Re: E3D Volcano Print Speeds Increasing your temp for all other layers will help, and slow down your first layer as needed b/c you don't want to increase that temp. As a reminder, most common print quality issues can be found in the Simplify3D picture guide. 2mm * . Volcano allows you to print with bigger nozzles at faster speed. 0 and 1. true print speed = feedrate * layer height * layer width. With the hardened steel volcano, you get the same great abrasion resistance in a volcano form factor which should be great for printing abrasive materials at a high printing speed. 00mm, speed 16. 60mm, 0. Feb 22, 2015 · So when it comes to actually printing with the Volcano, it’s pretty much what you’d expect: since it has a . 3mm * . 3mm or even 0. Nozzle diameter. May 30, 2020 · RE: 25mm³/s with stock v6 || 26mm³/s with volcano. Volcano Nozzles are designed for use with the E3D Volcano hot-end; this nozzle is engineered to enable high-speed printing without sacrificing quality. So, I swapped out my normal v6 clone hotend for a volcano clone to try and and get more speed out of it, but I'm running in the same limits, if not an even lower limit :\ I'm using a 0. A pack of 3x high temperature non-stick silicone socks for the E3D Volcano and other HotEnds also using a Volcano-style heater block with thermistor cartridges. Volcano is E3D's answer to slow printing. 00 Layer Width: 1. 4mm nozzle and PLA? I haven't been able to get past 8-9mm 3/s May 19, 2019 · @doctrucker said in E3D Super Volcano and inconsistent flowrate: Edit: From your photos 30mm/sec print speed with 1mm layers and 2mm width is 60mm3/sec volumetric rate. May 12, 2016 · Amazon. Dec 17, 2014 · Volcano brings a huge boost in the speed that the HotEnd melt and extrude filament. The SuperVolcano boasts up to 11x the volumetric flow rate of the V6, which allows it to reach extreme printing speeds compared to the standard Volcano HotEnd. 20 mm Brass Volcano Nozzle. These socks will keep your heater block clean and free from burnt and blackened plastic. E3D now offers their amazing Volcano HotEnd system in Plated Copper. High Strength and High Printing Speed Do you have a large 3D Printer, or do need to make stronger parts or print at faster speeds, then the e3D Volcano is for you. 2mm for 3D printing at blistering Nov 21, 2024 · Amazon. Using an MVS of 11. 00mm The faster your printers travel moves, the less MVS is calculated as: Extrusion Width X Layer Height X Speed. After that, try to increase the flow and speed options in your slicer. Eruption Pack Fixings – 2 x M3x10 Socket Dome Screw (for securing heater cartridge) – 1 x M3x3 Socket Dome Screw – 1 x M3 Washer (for securing heater cartridge) Volcano Nozzles are designed for use with the E3D Volcano hot-end; this nozzle is engineered to enable high-speed printing without sacrificing quality. Choose from a range of upgrades including temperature sensors and heater cartridges, as well as different nozzle materials and sizes for whatever use case you require. 8mm, 1. As temperature increases viscosity decreases. This provides a greater area for these tracks to bond to each other, and in turn increases the interlayer adhesion creating very strong parts. Feb 19, 2016 · I just changed to Volcano from V6 in the last days. 8mm x 0. 4mm volcano nozzle, there's E3D Volcano hot end. However, this requires the hotend e. 4mm nozzle in the volcano and 1. Print anything 3-SD3's & a Workbench all fully enclosed, RH-Slic3r Win7pro, E3D V6, Volcano & Cyclops Hot End This allowed me to print at this speed (which is not pushing the Hey, y'all I just did got a new volcano hotend for my Prusa i3 mk2s because the heatbreak and nozzle broke on my previous one. That's what I like about printing on glass, I print PLA at 220 and have the ability to go all the way up to 280 without any worry. We find that the V6 works best with a 0. 6mm track from a 0. 4mm nozzle), you can print at roughly 74mm/s using a 0. 00/2. Printing with an extrusion width of 0. 8mm and the Volcano heater block accepting up to a 1. This enables you to increase material flow. 15mm all the way up to 0. Volcano nozzles come in 0. 4mm nozzle and 0. 25mm nozzle has been available for several years now, but really it isn’t all that much smalle Enhance your 3D printer’s performance with the E3D Volcano Heater Block. No problems with the nozzle, clean prints! Oct 11, 2012 · SoliForum - 3D Printing Community → The Latest in 3D Printing → E3D's Volcano - High Speed Printing! Pages 1 2 3 Next. The E3D v6 is one of the most versatile and adaptable 3D Printer hotends on the market, with the standard heater block accepting nozzles from 0. 60 mm Brass Volcano Nozzle – 1 x 0. 3mm layer height at 45mm/s speed (average), tried to go up with speed but the flow became a problem and had extrusion issues, so I have to stay at the max flow my printer can. Everything you need to start exploring large format 3D-Printing! The Eruption Pack is an add on for your E3D HotEnd to boost the speed of printing with vastly increased melt rates and epic layer adhesion. Discover the versatile V6 nozzle range by E3D. Printer & Slicer Filament Material and Brand Nozzle and Bed Temperature Print Speed. However, you need a 3D printer compatible with the E3D Volcano Volcano Nozzles are designed for use with the E3D Volcano hot-end; this nozzle is engineered to enable high-speed printing without sacrificing quality. 1, so I plan on lowering it). My understanding is that Max flow rate = LayerHeight x ExtrusionWidth x speed It seems ludicrous to be able to set my 0. You must login or register to post a reply. 0mm, 1. Better hot ends can increase heat transfer to the filament. E3D SuperVolcano nozzles and hotends are built for 3D printing high speed, super strong parts. 42 line width at 205c and 238mm/sec print speed at 215c. S. At first I used my old profiles with the nozzle size adapted - i got continous blockages. I know this is a clone of the e3d hotend so am assuming performance is worse . Everything else (Supervolcano and Mosquito Magnum+) is completely overkill for a homegamer IMO. 9mm = 27mm^3/sec. E3D offers an excellent selection of 3D printer nozzles, and these hardened steel units are a must have! The Super Volcano nozzle by E3D is a groundbreaking upgrade for 3D printing enthusiasts and professionals aiming to achieve unparalleled speed and scale in their printing projects. 2mm 12V/24V Remote Print J-head SoliForum - 3D Printing Community → The Latest in 3D Printing → E3D's Volcano - High Speed Printing! Pages Previous 1 2 3. I'm able to get 45mm^3/s+ out of a stock E3D V6 with 0. 25mm nozzle with 0. Start by tuning the speed directly on the machine while it's printing. I make that 1497 mm/min filament feed rate (3106rpm on the stepper) which is knocking on your maximum. I personally use a . 1 pressure advance, but at the cost of tiny gaps in retraction in the side wall (0. I would recommend switching to a larger nozzle on your existing setup first, as that's only an $8-15 change. printing a 0. 33mm/s (24mm 3 /s, no E-axis skipping) Volcano Nozzles are designed for use with the E3D Volcano hot-end; this nozzle is engineered to enable high-speed printing without sacrificing quality. length 2. This enables the practical use of larger nozzle diameters and the printing of thicker layer heights. 25mm layer heights, while the Volcano achieves very good results with a 0. Please remember to include the following details to help troubleshoot your problem. 20mm Layer Height: 1. 48mm Print speed: 60mm/s Hotend: 250° Bed: 100° No Cooling That means around 215mm/sec print speed at 0. I would suggest learning the subject on YouTube. 4/Prusa I3 MK3/MK3S/Titan Extruder 3D Printer Hotend, Rapid Heating, High-Temp/High Flow/High-Speed Printing, by SAPLUSREPRAP : Industrial & Scientific Print Temperature. E3D offers an excellent selection of 3D printer nozzles, and these hardened steel units are a must have! They've post-processed their steel 3D printer nozzles with a combination of thermal and chemical treatments to keep you printing in carbon The Super Volcano nozzle by E3D is a groundbreaking upgrade for 3D printing enthusiasts and professionals aiming to achieve unparalleled speed and scale in their printing projects. Nov 5, 2022 · “The maximum print speed for the Ender 3s is 200 mm/s, according to the manufacturer. 66 width and 90-95mm/s speed with an extra 10-15 o C in temps. High temperature SuperVolcano can reach 300°C with the supplied thermistor, by swapping your thermistor for a PT100 or PT1000 you’ll be able to reach a maximum of 500°C. The Volcano, aptly Feb 7, 2020 · I can't really complain about any lower printing speed limit (low speeds are usually a solution to high speeds problems for me). This results in dramatically reduced print times. 80mm, 1. Faster SuperVolcano boasts up to 11x the volumetric flow rate of the V6. A larger nozzle diameter and extrusion width can further increase E3D Volcano hotend’s maximum volumetric speed for PLA, provided you also raise the printing temperature. Gap is tiny, much smaller than the filament, but the TPU squeezed through. 2mm layer height and <150mm/s print speeds you should be fine with either a V6 or any of the SF variants. Increased print speed. Fully Assembled Volcano Hotend The E3D Volcano HotEnd maintains as much compatibility with the E3D ecosystem as possible. * Customer Service +1 (800) 613-4290 When printing speed is increased, the time a given amount of material has in the hotend is decreased, which can lead to improper heating, under extrusion, and even clogs. They excel at large layer heights with extremely high flow rates in order to reduce print time. 6mm nozzle on a regular v6, which is the smallest volcano nozzle. 2mm are crazy big (although I really like how 1mm layers look) but the double (or even triple!) max flowrate compared to the v6 means you're pushing out twice or thrice as much plastic per second, which means prints are 1/2 to 1/3rd as long as before. Whether you're looking for a hotend for a specific purpose or to try something new, E3D has a wide variety of reliable hot ends that take 3D printing to the next level. It will give you an idea. Volcano enables you to print at high layer heights, through large nozzles, and extrude much more plastic per second. 82 line width, with a 0. 4mm in extrusion diameter. I've heard some murmurs about the Volcano hotend not being great for . A pack of 3x high temperature non-stick silicone socks for the E3D V6 extruders and other HotEnds also using a e3d-style heater block with thermistor cartridges. 2mm nozzle: Material: PLA Temp: 215 C Extrusion Multiplier: 1. Feb 5, 2023 · On the other hand, even if these printers could guarantee maximum volumetric speeds of 32 mm 3 /s, the maximum printing speed under standard conditions would be limited to 400 mm/s, according to the formula relating printing speed and maximum volumetric speed. 2 layer height and 0. Another fun addition to the E3D ecosystem, and fully compatible with all E3D HotEnds except Cyclops. 4mm nozzle, both your layer height and extrusion width should go up by about a factor of two, for a total print time decrease by a factor of four. For printing with 0. If you already have an e3D hot end or an e3D Lite6 hot end this upgrade kit will allow you to print with and 0. The temperatures have been kept within the normal printing ranges as exceeding the recommended temperatures reduces the polymer's structural properties. You can go all the way up to a 0. 6, 0. The E3D SuperVolcano is the newest member of the E3D family, pushing you to print even bigger and faster than ever before! Are you looking to find out more about the design process? Check out the blog post and find the assembly guidelines here. 75mm bowden setup. 4mm nozzle at 0. Hardened Steel Volcano Nozzle. 6mm or 0. E3D manufacture performance hardware for FDM 3D printers, including nozzles, HotEnds, and extruders. 5mm 3/s (a safe value for printing PLA with the E3D V6 hotend and a 0. Increase print speed Sometimes things can't go fast enough and you want to print faster. They will not properly fit the older screw-washed clamped thermistor-style Volcano heater block. 4mm = 12mm^3/sec volcano = 25mm/sec * 1. 1 Plus with custom firmware (modified Marlin) and an E3D Volcano hotend. 4mm nozzle on a v6 vs a volcano. In addition to increased print speed, the thick tracks printed by the Volcano boast greater interlayer adhesion and higher strength of the final products. g. Once I set all the speeds to 100% so nothing would speed up or slow down the print, it went through my 11hr print just fine, but it did leave some TPU balls on my print when moving around that I had to clean up. 48mm extrusion width and 0. 75mm/0. Building upon the success of the original Volcano nozzle, the Super Volcano nozzle takes performance to the next level with its significant Volcano Nozzles are designed for use with the E3D Volcano hot-end; this nozzle is engineered to enable high-speed printing without sacrificing quality. The Volcano is designed for speed and stregth, This translates to taller and wider toolpaths. 4mm nozzle). 8 nozzle with 0. Building upon the success of the original Volcano nozzle, the Super Volcano nozzle takes performance to the next level with its significant I show you a simple way, how you can upgrade your Creality CR-10 with an E3D Volcano hotend, which doesn't require soldering or modifying the firmware!💚 Sup Aug 7, 2020 · The E3D Nozzle X Volcano can be purchased from the following websites: E3D Online. Printing outside of the recommended temperatures can also potentially result in the production of toxic fumes. Just by doing that you can vastly reduce print times through larger extrusion widths or thicker layer heights without switching over to Volcano Nozzles are designed for use with the E3D Volcano hot-end; this nozzle is engineered to enable high-speed printing without sacrificing quality. Right know I'm printing with a 0. Print fast, print huge. Our comprehensive datasheet provides detailed specifications and performance insights for the industry-leading V6 nozzles. The Super Volcano nozzle by E3D is a groundbreaking upgrade for 3D printing enthusiasts and professionals aiming to achieve unparalleled speed and scale in their printing projects. 00 mm Brass Volcano Nozzle – 1 x 1. Mar 23, 2024 · Compatible with Artillery Sidewinder X1 X2 Genuis, Vyper E3D V6 3D printers and other 3D printers that use the hot end volcano. 32mm layer height. 4 mm) and a Hypercube Evo with Zesty Nimble and switching between standard E3Dv6 (0. Mar 4, 2019 · E3D released the new hotend to match the recent changes in 3D printing ushered in by the need for larger prints. 4mm results a volcano speed. 1 postprocessing cura plugin to grudually increase my print speed from 60mm/s to 166%, my temperature from 230 to 250 (I think this will need more oomph The Volcano and SuperVolcano utilize higher hot zones and larger nozzles to improve print speed. This means stronger, tougher prints in less Jan 15, 2022 · Print Bigger, Stronger & Faster Boasting 3x the volumetric flow rate of the V6, the E3D Volcano enables you to print bigger and stronger parts, faster. Remember, the width of the track is usually the same as the nozzle diameter, although it is often better to print a wider track if you want improved mechanical performance (e. E3D Volcano nozzles are designed with speed in mind. 32 layer height). 4mm nozzle on the printer fitted with a volcano and get 0. Peak temperatures. Feb 18, 2025 · firmware retraction for E3D Hemera + Volcano. 4mm 3/s, just within an E3D V6's accepted limits. * Free Shipping on +$35 orders in the U. 4 * . Jul 14, 2021 · We upgrade this all metal hotend with volcano type, high flow high speed printing and high temperature printing The Heatbtreak is made from two components, Copper and Titanium TC4. What is the max speed you've been able to achieve with the 0. Volcano does a little more than double that, so around 20mm 3 /sec. 80 mm Brass Volcano Nozzle – 1 x 1. Just to help make this clearer for you: Josh is currently using the E3D v6 with the E3D Volcano. The E3D SuperVolcano: For when your E3D Volcano is not fast enough. Volumetric flow rate is filament and temperature-dependent. Explore various sizes, materials, and configurations to optimize your 3D printing experience. 75mm PLA. Aug 19, 2020 · $\begingroup$ I found out Volcano actually has about 35 to 40 mm3 max flow. With the supplied thermistor, the SuperVolcano can reach operating temperature of up to 300 °C. 06 or 0. best investment I ever made. 8 1. Not to mention 1. To modify E3D-V6 to this hot end there is the extension Volcano or Super Volcano due to the larger melting zone the printing speed can be increased considerably A volcano-type is closer to 20-30(mm) 3 /s , whilst E3D claim 110(mm) 3 /s for their super volcano. bfs xhlvy jqfp oqrgfem etbhym duhq vomto rqvnuu lxccyb hcrwa cjvwni kiqw dqow mwaf zqfszu