Minimum bend radius for pigging 0 DN. 5° per D) Internal mandrels from NPS 6 to NPS 48; Bends follow the CSA Z662:23 standard; Most exterior pipe coatings are acceptable (YJ, FBE, etc. Standard Features • Standard Soft and High Grade Soft for short runs • Minimum Bend Radius 1D minimum Optional Features • Cleaning brushes (carbon steel, stainless steel or nylon bristle) • The minimum bend radius for sheet metal is influenced by several factors, including material thickness, type, and bending orientation relative to the grain. In such a position that will ensure that pipeline due to pig dynamics (or poor positioning of the gauge plate for bend passage). So if you have a . 2 MPa. 21D. REASONS FOR PIGGING Pigging of a pipeline is required at Manufacturer of Industrial Cleaning Pigs - Cleaning Pigs With Circular Brush, Pipe Cleaning Pigs, Articulated Pigs and Pipeline Descaling Pig offered by Sriram Foams Private Limited, Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu. com or 1-866-849-3911 and we can help Gauging plates, offered in both aluminum and carbon steel, are used in conjunction with steel pigs to prove pipe roundness and to ensure excessive weld penetration or debris does not exist in the line, as well as, proving minimum bend radius prior to intelligent pig runs. Another important consideration is the length of straight pipe between bends. 5. Pigging Area, Metering Area and Gas Filtration Area. Table 3. For typical inspection pigs of diameters larger than 4 in. Apache Pipeline Products. Highly accurate A common rule of thumb for determining the minimum bend radius is based on the thickness of the sheet metal and the type of material used. 0 mm thick aluminum sheet with a 90-degree bend, the calculator might output a minimum bend radius of 1. Yes! I am Interested. They have the ability to travel through Diagnostic multi-section pigs are designed to pass 90 degree bends (bends) of the pipeline with a certain minimum radius, for example R = 3. ) 4) How can I determine the minimum bending radius of a elastic bend under given conditions? Thanks. The type of pig to be used and its optimum configuration for a particular task depends on the purpose of pigging, contents in the pipeline, and characteristics of the pipeline such as size, minimum bend radius, types of valves etc. The MBR depends on diameter and wall thickness, but is generally 3 to 5 times the pipe diameter. (1. of Bends Are Bends Back to Back *Please specify ERW, DSAW, SMLS, etc. com/blog/hose-bend-radius-essentialsA hose’s bend radius determines how long a hose needs to be before it can safely bend while in serv Pipeline Pigging Products manufactures pigs in all pipe sizes, for drying, wiping and scraping applications. 5D minimum Pipe Pig Types. Figure 5 shows another classic situation that can arise when pigs catch up with each other. For a 2. Bi-Di pigs are used for a wide variety of applications, from flood, clean and gauging operations onto dewatering, as well as operational maintenance. 5D specials available) Chicago Plant National Headquarters 3715 South Rockwell St. Elbows and pipe bends installed in the pipeline should have a minimum radius of three times the main-line pipe diameter—3D bends. The minimum radius of Cold Field Bend shall be as per Table 3. 5D 3D & Higher. Sealing discs – These are normally sized between 103% and 108 % of the pipe internal diameter. pipeline https://t. Based on these factors a type of pig tool is chosen. Close this search box. HOME (current) The pig mass is 0. Nominal Pipe Size (inch) Minimum Bend Radius 12 and below 21D 14 to 16 30 D 18 and above 40 D Where 'D ' is outside diameter of steel pipe. Sealing Discs – These are normally sized between 103% and 108 % of the pipe internal diameter. The use of product recovery technology Engineering; Mechanical Engineering; Mechanical Engineering questions and answers; why is this pigging tool will not pass this back to back bend as shown in the image ? can you prove it mathematically ? the minimum bend radius = The minimum bending radius is calculated as a multiple of the final circuit board thickness and the ratio of the desired application (stable or dynamic) and bend radius (r): Ratio = r/h; where r = bending radius, and; h = overall Our guide provides recommended pulley diameters and bend radius for various constructions. Cables are often bent around a curve in conduits or Consider the minimum bending radius and bending Angle of the pipe, the minimum and maximum inner diameter, the connection of the branch pipe, the elevation change along the line, and the type, position and size of the already in use or inflicting any damage to pig tails and optical fibre and optical fibre cables and fibre splices during normal cable and element handling. To determine the bend radius, you must know the OVERALL cable diameter. Refer to the table of typical bend sized proportionally to the minimum internal diameter of the pipeline. 1 times the pipe diameter. . example, aim for smaller bend radius, or what every the problem is perceived to be, see Figure 4. Client: ENGEN Refinery, Durban, There are flexible riser sections at the foot of the platform and bend radius of 5D within the risers. We do not publish the bend radius for 1×7 or 1×19 constructions as they are most often used in push-pull applications instead of being used Primarily used for standard pigging operation such as filling and dewatering during hydrostatic testing, routine batching operations, and product removal. Sort by date Sort by votes Apr 14, 2016 #2 andriver Civil/Environmental. flexaust. For example, 1. 5 times the nominal size, the pig may roll in the pipeline. Pig trap: An ancillary item of pipeline equipment, with associated pipework and valves, for introducing a pig into a pipeline or removing a pig from a pipeline. The MBR can be calculated from the following formula: where: R Minimum Bend Radius, in meters (m) E Young’s Modulus (70,000 N/m2) r Fiber Clad Radius, in meters (m) The bend radius also provides key information about the minimum distance a hose can be bent without malfunctioning or sustaining damage. Generally, the minimum bend radius is at least equal to the material thickness (1t). 203-239-5881 10 www. 2 The minimum bend radius for hot bends shall be 3D. P. D. 1. However, this can vary based on specific material properties and conditions. Home; About Us. 1. co/idHQpyCbz4 Rev 01‐13‐15 Acceptable Stress Limits: The acceptable method in determining the MBR is to calculate the internal stresses on the Optical Fiber. Get various internal activities (depending on the pig type) such as separating fluids, cleaning or inspecting the pipeline. 0D). According to Table 1, the minimum bend radius is found to be six times the cable’s overall diameter. 3. Velocity of the pig. The overall Disc displacement pigs are used for standard pigging operations such as filling and dewatering during hydrostatic testing, routine batching operations, product removal, or any pigging operation requiring bidirectional for pigging with less flexible pig types such as metal bodied pigs. We would like to know if GRE pipeline can be used for intelligent pigging and also what shall be the minimum bend radius for GRE bends to allow passage of pig. Step 5: Verify Results. Substitute into the formula to get R = 10 \times 75,000, resulting in a bend radius of 750,000 mm. Pipe bends typically have a minimum bending radius of 1. Office: (780) 416-4850. Most intelligent pigs are able to pass 3-D bends for DN400 and above, 5-D bends for sizes between DN250 and DN400. Can also be used to prove minimum bend radius of the minimum pipe bend radius encountered. To learn more about pipeline pigging see PPSA Publication, "An Introduction to Pipeline Pigging. Below is a table summarizing the recommended minimum bend radii for different materials, including aluminium, steel and stainless steel. From launch to receiver, what is the number of bends, Pig Passage Indicators. 1 Use of Miter bend shall not be permitted. 216 (MBR) Minimum Bending Radius . If the operator finds the free through bore is insufficient for an intelligent pig's safe passage, the inspection campaign may be postponed until the obstacle is cleared and a rerun using a gauge plate pig is done again. Piping Forum: Minimum Bend Radius for a pigging 10" dia. 3 Optical fibre termination box shall have sufficient provision for slack management for 3. Minimum Bend Radius for 500 MCM THHN is the O. 2. It shall provide well-engineered bend radius control throughout the system. 800-533-5667 [email protected] 800-983-9926 [email protected] 800-275-5408 [email protected] Search. Chicago, Illinois 60632 Phone: 773-523-5757 Fax: 773-650-1439 type of pig, pigging frequency and scenario planning (for example, change in flow velocity during pigging) employed. S. The MBR can be calculated from the following formula: where: R Minimum Bend Radius, in meters (m) E Young’s Modulus (70,000 N/m2) r Fiber Clad Radius, in meters (m) Bends. More MBR calculation examples are Pipe Bends (Piggable Bend) R=3D, 5D, 6D, 8D, 10D pipesfactory 2020-04-06T15:13:28+00:00. With the addition of brushes or blades on the MDB model, this pig is able to perform all operations of pigging Pigging Discs – High-Grade Polyurethane Elastomer (4 x Sealing Disc and 2 x Guiding Disc minimum) Polyurethane Bumper Noses c/w Bypass Slots; Bore Passing Up to 10% bore restrictions (greater with changes in disc configuration) Minimum Bend Radius 1. 5D 3mm to1000 mm 200 hours 50 km (30 miles) +/- 0. 34 / Graph below ) = 7. Introduction to Sheet Metal Fabrication. We do not publish the Pigging stations shall be provided with all weather access road from the nearest road . Eureka Spray Pigs is deployed to assist the operational pigging operation specifically in application of Corrosion Inhibitors and other liquid chemicals intended to be applied to the internal surface of the pipeline. The diameter of the bend/thimble should be at least 4x’s the diameter of the rope for proper/recommended bend radius. Pipeline Pig Pipeline Pig Trackers and Pingers consist of a signal-emitting transmitter and hand-held A few years ago the smallest smart pig you could find was 6-inch, I hadn't heard that anyone was marketing a 2 or 3-inch smart pig these days--the industry tends to think of 2 and 3-inch pipe as disposable. 2 DN), then the To calculate the minimum bending radius of a single-layered dynamic flex circuit board with an assumed thickness of 90 µm, we will confirm the bending radius ratio from the table above and multiply it with the thickness Rule of Thumb for Bend Radius. 5 DN or R = 1. Based on For example, if the ratio is 10:1, the minimum bend radius is 10 times the cable diameter. NEC 300. a minimum modification programme could be set up and executed on a relaxed schedule. Created Pigging Solutions 3-Way Diverter Valve is highly effective in providing product recovery pigging to targeted discharge points along a common transfer line. The bend radius of the rope is approximately half of the minimum recommended pulley tread diameter. By Gerald Davis; Updated February 1, 2023; August 5, 2017; Article; Shop Management; Figure 1a The flat pattern requires prediction of how the material will behave as Purposes of pigging - Download as a PDF or view online for free. 12 and below. They have a long-life and can be maintained easily, being ready to serve in any application where a pipeline pig is needed. Flexible foam construction allows our pigs to negotiate short radius bends, reduced port valves and multi-dimensional pipe from Diagnostic multi-section pigs are designed to pass 90 degree bends (bends) of the pipeline with a certain minimum radius, for example R = 3. This means that an 18 in. These are summarised below in an example of an oil production pipeline. For larger bend With a length of less than 1. They have a Bend Radii & Minimum Bend Sizes. • AWH tangent pig: minimum bending radius Rmin = 1 1,5D (BA2/3, DIN 2605) • AWH lip pig: minimum bending radius Rmin = 2,5D (BA5, DIN 2605) Branches The pig sealing must be ensured when t-branches are passed through. Geometry tool: Configuration pig designed to record Short radius (one D) bends should not be used in pipelines if you intend to pig the pipeline. They have a long-life and can be maintained easily, being ready to serve in any application Pigging facilities and considerations should be incorporated into the pipeline system design. 750” O. Gauge plates are supplied in several forms, from a simple aluminium or steel disc to complex multi-hit SMART Pig: Device that is driven through a pipeline for performing various internal activities (depending on the pig type) such as separating fluids, cleaning or inspecting the pipeline. During installation, cables are bent or flexed in various environmental conditions. How do I prevent tube kinking when bending? The minimum bend radius for HDPE pipe can be calculated using the following equation: R = a(OD) In the equation, R = minimum bend radius (in inches), a = minimum allowable bend ratio, and OD = the pipe’s outside diameter (in inches). Multi-diameter lines are also becoming increasingly popular. The longest distance it can sustainably operate is greater than 300 km. Pipeline Length Pipeline Length Product Media Message How did you find us? Submit. UnitedAluminum. The valve design allows the pig to pass through without leaving residual product. Since commercial sheet metal bending can be done with less concern for stresses caused during forming operation, the radius can be near zero for thin sheet metal. 0 mm. For pipe sizes below DN250, the With the help of the SKT caliper PIG with measuring discs, it is possible to determine not only the maximum constriction in the pipeline, but also the minimum radius of the pipeline bend (bend). The minimum allowable bend ratio value for a pipe varies depending on the length of time the pipe needs to be bent The minimum bend radius varies depending on the material properties, particularly its ductility and work hardening characteristics. 5 times pipe radius (R). Pigging: Running of a pig or ILI tool in a pipeline. minimum bend radius prior to intelligent pig use. co/DnLlCqDsmA #pipers https://t. 5T, which translates to 3. Piping designers Minimum Bend Radii: The minimum bend radius data shown in these charts is measured to the inside of the bend. 5D radius and the short radius is 1. Reach Us; Our Team; Pipeline Pigs. 1 Insulating joints shall be provided to electrically isolate the buried pipeline from the above ground pipeline, station piping and shall allow smooth passage of pigs. Where the pipe internal diameter varies, discs are 103% of the progressive pigging program which can be defined as the process of running a series of pigs that are progressively harder and/or larger Minimum Bend Radii: The minimum bend radius data shown in these charts is measured to the inside of the bend. Check detailed discussion on types of pipe pigs in the given Simply put, a minimum bend radius is how tightly you can bend a wire or cable without damaging it or compromising its mechanical and electrical performance. 5 inch climb line, the diameter of the thimble needs to be at least 4 inches. , a minimum bend radius (MBR) is required. suppliers and manufacturers of the Propipe Limited provide high quality products such as FOAM PIGS. There are many types of pigs on the market today; choosing the best one depends largely on the type of defect you're trying to detect. Field bends are often referred to as “cold bends” and when they are being formed it is important not When operating at their minimum bend radius, ILI tools may require a distance of straight pipe equivalent to the tool length between adjacent pipeline bends. Can I use this formula for bending rectangular or square tubes? The formula is typically for round tubes, but a similar concept can be adapted for other shapes by considering the width. If the retraction radius is smaller (for example, R = 1. ) line has a radius of 60 inches. Minimum bend radius, and bend angles, Additional features such as valve types, branch connections, and the elevation profile. Typically, this information is on the 2. If the line has miter bends with angle deviation 3 min read · May 5, 2023-- The 90-degree Short Radius Bends manufacturers in India are the sleekest and highest-performing, completely injection-molded bends on the market. ? 2D, 3D? Where can i get the info from? Different pig has The type of pig to be used and its optimum configuration for a particular task depends on the purpose of pigging, contents in the pipeline and characteristics of the pipeline such as size, minimum bend radius, types of valves etc. 2 1½D Bends Minimum pipeline bend radius : Wall thickness range : Maximum operating time : Maximum inspection length : Accuracy of measurement : 1. 2 DN), then the inspection tool will get stuck in this place. 5 The minimum bending diameter allowed for the Gel Pigs: For certain tasks and in certain conditions, a viable alternative to running (95% nominal or 95% minimum, dependant on specification being used), the gauge plate tends to be made of a soft metal such as aluminium and is chamfered on the bend more easily if an obstruction is encountered. The minimum permissible radii will also vary with the design and condition of the tooling. The calculation of the minimum bend radius for tubing is essential in various engineering and manufacturing fields, ensuring that the tube does not crack or weaken significantly when bent. Search. co/idHQpyCbz4 (I think that factory-made 5D bend may be sufficient for pigging. ) 3) Where can I get any technical information about elastic bend? (Website may be better. Assume a 10 mm thick rod with a tensile strength of 75,000 psi. 5R, it is called Elbow. Pig Passage Indicators; Step 4: Calculate Minimum Bend Radius (Ir) The Bend Radius Calculator will compute the minimum bend radius based on the input parameters and material properties. Nominal Pipe Size (inch) Minimum Bend Radius. In the context of pipelines pigging refers to: The practice of using devices known as "pigs" to perform various maintenance operations on a pipeline. 0 BEND RADIUS 2. Facebook; LinkedIn; Twitter; Instagram; Products. 5D elbow we call it as long radius ( LR) elbow and 1D elbow as short radius ( SR The bend radius of the rope is approximately half of the minimum recommended pulley tread diameter. At least that’s how it works with pulleys and blocks Sent from my iPhone using Tapatalk Minimum Bend Radius Minimum I. pipe which is bent on a 6” CLR is classified as a 1½D Bend (1½ times the nominal pipe diameter). The Piggable 3-Way Diverter Valve is also commonly used to allow a single pigging system to divert flow and product recovery pigging to widely The type of pig to be used and its optimum configuration for a particular task depends on the purpose of pigging, contents in the pipeline, and characteristics of the pipeline such as size, minimum bend radius, types of valves etc. The rear pig pushes into the back of the pig in front, acts on the seals pushing them harder onto the wall, locking and a plug is formed. Pipeline Pigging Products manufactures pigs in all pipe sizes, for drying, wiping and scraping applications. 4. David What is a minimum bend radius? The minimum bend radius is the smallest radius at which a tube can be bent without causing damage or excessive deformation. Flexible foam construction allows our pigs to negotiate short radius bends, reduced port valves and multi-dimensional pipe from below 2" to over 78" in diameter. The minimum bend radius determines how tightly a tube can be bent without damaging it, which is crucial for designing systems that involve fluid transfer Pigging is one of the most suitable ways to assess working pipelines. com 800-243-2515. Here are some guidelines for common materials used in metal fabrication: For low-carbon steels and austenitic stainless steels such as 08, 08F, 10, 10F, DX2, SPCC, E1-T52, 0Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, and aluminum alloys like 1100 Pigs & Pigging Equipment; Pipe Bending; Pipe Control & Handling; Pipe Cradles & Lowering In; Pipe Cutting & Beveling; Pipe Protection; Pre-Heating Equipment; Minimum bend radius of 38D (1. Where ‘D’ is the outside diameter of the steel pipe. " Pigging Example: What is the minimum bend radius of a 1/0, 5 kV, SHD-GC cable? Answer: SHD-GC is a shielded mining cable. Polyurethane Conical Cup. 6 t. Pig trap: An ancillary item of pipeline equipment, with associated • Minimum bend radius; • Minimum bend to bend distance; • Minimum distance between T The pig operator then measures the amount of bending the aluminum disc sustains and, based on it, estimates the amount of free through bore on the pipeline. 5 Insulating Joints. 1mm Ultrasonic (UT) Intelligent Pigs measure pipe wall thickness and metal loss by direct measurement of the thickness of the pipe wall. The pigging design and the bending radius of pipe bends have reciprocal effects on each other. For example, a 5R (5D) 90 degree bend in a 12 inch (12. Example 2: V-Groove Bending Process. The Gauge plate is generally mounted in amongst the wear discs of the pig. And the pig can pass the minimum bend radius of 3D (D is the outer Piping Forum: Minimum Bend Radius for a pigging 10" dia. Bend radius and flexibility are related and certainly similar but they’re not quite the same and it’s an important difference to be aware of. REASONS FOR PIGGING Pigging of a pipeline is required at various stages of a pipeline’s life for a variety of reasons. Characteristics of the pipeline – The minimum and maximum internal line sizes, – Maximum distance pig must travel, – Minimum bends and traps to launch and receive the pigs. If this bending radius is less than or equal to 1. How Pipeline Pigging Works and the Types of Pipeline Pigs +281-351-2749; 800-578-7436; sales@pigsunlimited. When bent on a 12” CLR, the bend is classified as 3D. 5D specials available) Pigging Discs – High Grade Polyurethane Elastomer (4 x Sealing Disc and 2 x Guiding Disc minimum) Polyurethane Bumper Noses c/w Bypass SlotsCan be disc, cup or wheeled support type; Minimum Bend Radius 3D minimum (1. If you need help choosing a value, contact us at info@protocase. Steel pipeline pigs are perfect for long-term use. Why is it „un-piggable“? ½” wall Designed exclusively for smart pigging, the Pig Tracker & Locator uses transmitters and receivers to enable visual display and audible signals for stopped and moving pigs. Replies continue below Recommended for you. There are several types of pipe pigs, each designed for a specific purpose. When equipped with a gauging plate, they are used to prove pipe roundness and to ensure excessive weld penetration or debris does not exist. The maximum allowable pig length is All main line bends should have a sufficient radius to allow passage of intelligent pigs. If the wall thickness is too thin, UT tools Pipeline Pigging is used to perform various cleaning, clearing, dimensioning, maintenance, inspection, process and pipeline testing operations on new and existing pipelines. This way, an un-piggable pipeline can be defined as not designed like this. Where the pipe internal diameter varies, discs are 103% of the largest internal diameter as long as the disc is no more than 110% of the smaller internal Minimum Bend Radius: 3D (1. A common rule of thumb for determining the minimum bend radius is based on the thickness of the sheet metal and the type of material used. Prior to the use of intelligent pigs, articulated pigs can be used to prove minimum bend radius. Apr 29, 2015 "Intelligent pigging" is designed for steel pipelines to Pig: A device which is driven through a pipeline by the flow of fluid, for performing various internal activities (depending on the pig type) such as separating fluids, cleaning or • Minimum bend radius • Minimum internal diameter • Tool length weight and number of bodies • Minimum length of pipeline that can be inspected in one run (may be coupled to run What to know about sheet metal bend radius and minimum flange Better understanding of fabrication leads to better CAD decisions. pipe designed with a 3D radius will have a radius to Detection threshold: Minimum detectable feature dimension. **Bend Radius is usually described as multiples of the nominal pipe diameter. Request Callback. When operating at their minimum bend radius, ILI tools may require a distance of straight pipe equivalent to the tool length between adjacent pipeline bends. 1 General Pipe bends are classified according to the centerline radius (CLR) of the bend as a ratio to the nominal pipe diameter. If you aren't thinking of smart pigging then I would use forged elbows (the long radius is 1. Let’s focus on some guidelines for sheet metal design. Bends. Due to differential pressure created across the pig, the chemical liquid So for small diameters its recommended to use minimum bend radius 5D or even more 10D. Skip to content. The maximum allowable pig length is a function of the minimum pipe bend radius encountered. Introduction to Sheet Metal Fabrication Minimum Bend Radius 3D minimum (1. of Wire (0. Steel Pig Selection Guide Batching, Gauging & Displacement Pigs BGC-3 BGC-4 BGD-4 MD MDB Description: Sturdy carbon-steel body equipped with easily replaceable cups and discs. Also, they are used to prove minimum bend radius prior to intelligent pig use. To calculate the minimum bend radius for a steel rod, use the formula R = k \times T, where k is the material thickness and T is the tensile strength. Minimum wall thickness threshold, which limits the remaining measurable pipe wall thickness. Feature: Indication, detected by non-destructive examination, of a pipeline. Use this document to choose values that are both manufacturable and meet your needs. com; Login Register. Articulated pigs are typically designed to pass pipeline wye connections whilst Prior to the use of intelligent pigs, articulated pigs can be used to prove minimum bend radius. The bend radius is the radius of the circular curve made (radius) when you bend a wire back onto itself. [ ] Step 4: Calculate Minimum Bend Radius; Use the formula: [ \text{Minimum Bend Radius} = \text{Cable Diameter} \times \text{Bend Radius Ratio} ] For example, if your cable diameter is 1 inch and the ratio is 10:1, the minimum bend radius would be 10 inches. 902 Inches) x Cable Multiplier of 8X O. It is most economical to use a single bend radius throughout the design, but if necessary, you can utilize multiple radii. The informed that all the bends in the pipeline are 5D radius bends, but when the pig is run it is revealed that there were 3D bends in the line! If there is any bend more easily if an obstruction is encountered. As we explained above, bend radius describes how long a Find out all of the information about the foam pigs contact a supplier or the parent company directly to get a quote. Spacing between the extreme pig supports should therefore be no less than 1. 1575 - 90 Avenue Edmonton, Alberta T6P 0E2 Canada. For example, 4” N. 8. The bend radii listed are standard minimum if manufacturing for aircraft and aerospace applications. Intelligent pigs may require greater radius to diameter elbows and bends because of the longer length of the pigs https://blog. Material: T: 1-6 mm: T: 6-12 mm: T: 12-25 mm: The minimum bend radius is the smallest allowed radius the cable is allowed to be bent around. Use of Mitre bends shall not be permitted. Precommissioning When new pipelines are built, they generally need to be cleaned of construction Rev 01‐13‐15 Acceptable Stress Limits: The acceptable method in determining the MBR is to calculate the internal stresses on the Optical Fiber. o Minimum bend radius, and bend angles, o need some help here what is the minimum Pipe Bend Radius for a pigging pipeline, sch40, 10" dia. The minimum pressure difference of the pig in the pipeline is 0. Sort by date Sort by votes Aug 25, 2005 #2 The radii listed are the minimum recommended for bending sheets and plates without fracturing in a standard press brake with air bend dies. ) Required bend radius; . Other types of bending operations may require larger radii or permit smaller radii. Intrusive Signallers; Non-Intrusive Signallers; Minimum Bend Radius 1. 5D Upon Request) Cup Pig.
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